Whatever it is I’m doing with this woman it’s not a “relationship.” I can’t even talk Shakespeare with the woman!
If you recall some recent posts, Janet, who I met six or seven weeks ago, interpreted some remarks of mine on monogamy and racism as attacks on her character.
Now mine came under attack. Seems I’m an “anti-Semite.” That’s because, a) I accept The Merchant of Venice as a comedy, as the Immortal Bard intended it, and, b) I don’t think Shakespeare created the character of Shylock to disparage the world’s Jews.
If you don't know the story: the Jew Shylock lends money to Bassanio, who invests it in a commercial venture subsequently lost at sea and then has to pay back the loan with the infamous “pound of flesh.” Portia, Bassanio’s betrothed, saves him, with a speech in court pointing out that while the contract allows the creditor to claim his pound of flesh, it doesn’t allow him to shed a drop of his debtor’s blood in the process.
The main lesson to be drawn from this, I’ve always held, is: There’s nothing like having a smart girlfriend! Other commentators, however, focus on Shylock, or rather, Shakespeare’s view of Jews, as expressed through his drawing of the Jewish moneylender. Of course, I have an opinion on that, too.
And it came out in another late-night balcony wine-cigar-cigarette conversation. She mentioned she had been a Business Administration major and an English Lit minor in college. Not being much into the former, I steered the conversation toward that latter. Who’s your favorite writer? I asked.
She mentioned Dickens, James and a couple others I wasn’t into. Then she added: “And Shakespeare, of course.” It was the “of course” that got me. That’s what I always say. Shakespeare, OF COURSE!
Were we connecting? Were the “darling buds of May” blooming? What’s your favorite play? She asked.
Hamlet. No, wait a minute, I said. Romeo and Juliet. No, King Lear.
Hmm, she said, all tragedies.
Oh, I like the comedies too.
Like what?
Oh, Midsummer Night’s Dream, and oh, yes, The Merchant of Venice. Even in the darkness out there on the balcony, with just minimal light diffused through my living room blinds, I could see her face cloud over.
I’m Jewish, she said.
Oh, I said back. Now, if you know the play you know Shylock is a grasping, greedy, murder-intentioned money-lender. He also gives us one of the most moving statements ever on the humanity of the Jews (“If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?”)
That’s what made the Bard great, you know. He told both sides of the story. I tried to explain to Janet, that Shakespeare never knew any Jews. They had been expelled from England nearly 200 years before he was born, and they weren’t allowed back in for nearly a hundred years after he died.
Throughout the middle ages all over Europe, Jews had functioned as merchants and moneylenders (mainly to kings and princes, which is what got them in trouble you know. When a monarch couldn’t pay back his loans, he’d kick the Jews out of the kingdom, quoting the Gospels about the Jews killing Christ. We know where that led.)
The term Jew, however, had entered the popular lexicon a metaphor for greed. But the greedy people Shakespeare was referring to were English Christians. His play was a hit because the public was feeling the effects of the rise of a new class of these Christians – known as Puritans – who would, some 40 years later lead a civil war that led to the beheading of the king and the founding of a republic based on a new capitalist order.
Shakespeare picked up on the changes that were just beginning to shudder through society. While feudal society had been exploitative, it had, like ancient society before it, been based on personal relationships. Everybody related to somebody else – one to one. A slave to an owner. A serf to a lord. And the slave-owners and the lords were also ranked from the lesser to the greater.
The security of knowing one’s place and role in society in accord with one’s birth was just starting to change. Some people thought now that hard work and enterprise could lift one out the class of one’s birth. Trouble was, they’d screw over anybody for a buck – or a pound, I guess, but you know what I mean.
The Bard just used a commonplace term and a stereotypical figure for greed to exemplify what he saw going on in his world, in which real Jews were absent. Even though an anti-capitalist bias, I think can be picked up in his works, Shakespeare became the great writer that he is for us today because he picked up on another, deeper trend in his changing society.
That’s the birth of the human personality. Those would-be capitalists needed to overcome the notion that one’s birth determined one’s place in life. They said, Hey, you have choices! I don’t contend that these would-be capitalists or Shakespeare were consciously doing all this. I think the beauty of the Bard’s work is in the ambiguity he displays.
In Julius Caesar, for example, is Shakespeare a monarchist or a republican? His characters mouth beautiful propositions in support of both positions. But the play is not about that. It’s about people – friendship, loyalty, individuals in conflict, each with their own characteristics: recall Cassius of that “lean and hungry” look.
God, this has gone on so long, maybe that’s one reason Janet seems to be down on me - maybe I talk too much. She didn’t seem to think much of my explanation. I think she saw me as someone trying to “explain away” a statement that could be “construed” as “possibly anti-Semitic.”
That would fit in with her Barack Obama fixation and the concept of politics as “sound-bites.”
When it comes to “deal-breakers” in relationships, politics is small change. I don’t care who you vote for, but don’t fuck with the Immortal Bard. Hey, Janet, don’t call me; I’ll call you!